What types of bulbs are available for professional stage lighting?

Professional stage lighting uses three main light source technologies: LED modules offering 50,000+ hour lifespans and energy efficiency of 80–150 lumens per watt, available in fixed white or RGB/RGBW colour mixing; halogen lamps (300W–2000W) providing excellent colour rendering (CRI >95) and smooth dimming, ideal for profile spotlights and Fresnel fixtures; and discharge lamps (250W–1200W metal halide or high-pressure sodium) delivering maximum luminous intensity from compact arc sources for moving heads, followspots and long-throw applications. Each technology serves distinct applications based on output requirements, colour quality needs and control characteristics.

What is meant by a light source in event technology?

A light source – technically termed a lamp – is the component within a luminaire that generates light through electrical, chemical or physical processes. In professional event technology, light sources are precision-engineered to deliver consistent colour temperature, high luminous output and reliable performance under demanding conditions including vibration, elevated temperatures and frequent switching cycles. Unlike household bulbs, professional stage lamps are specified by luminous flux (lumens), colour temperature (Kelvin), colour rendering index (CRI) and operating life, with socket types and electrical characteristics designed for high-power applications and compatibility with DMX control systems.

What is better for stage lighting, 3000 Kelvin or 4000 Kelvin?

The choice between 3000K and 4000K colour temperature depends on your application. 3000K warm white (similar to tungsten-halogen at 3200K) produces flattering skin tones and creates an intimate atmosphere, making it ideal for theatrical performances, concerts and events where natural, warm lighting is desired. 4000K neutral white provides crisper, more neutral illumination suitable for corporate events, trade shows and applications requiring accurate colour perception without the warm amber cast. For broadcast and film work, 3200K tungsten balance remains the professional standard for interior scenes, while 5600K daylight balance is used for outdoor or mixed-lighting scenarios. Many modern LED fixtures offer tuneable white (2700–6500K) allowing you to adjust colour temperature to suit each scene.

Which socket type fits my stage lighting fixture?

Professional stage fixtures use specialised sockets: GY9.5 (two pins, 9.5mm spacing with locating notch) is standard for 300W–2000W halogen lamps in profile spots and Fresnels; GX9.5 has different pin orientation and is not interchangeable with GY9.5; G22 handles high-power halogen and some discharge lamps above 2000W; PGJ5 and PGJX5 are precision sockets for compact discharge lamps in moving heads, ensuring exact arc positioning; SFc10-4 and FC2 are ceramic sockets for high-intensity discharge lamps in followspots. Always verify the exact socket type marked on your fixture or consult the manufacturer's manual before ordering replacement lamps – incorrect socket types will not fit or may create safety hazards.

How many lumens do I need for professional stage lighting?

Lumen requirements depend on venue size and throw distance. For small clubs (up to 200 capacity), LED wash fixtures with 3000–5000 lumens per unit and profile spots with 5000–8000 lumens provide adequate coverage. Mid-size theatres (200–800 capacity) require 15,000–25,000 lumens for front-of-house key lighting at 10–20 metre throws, typically achieved with 575W–750W halogen or 250W–300W discharge lamps. Large arenas (800+ capacity) demand 40,000–80,000 lumens for long-throw followspots and moving heads, requiring 575W–1200W discharge lamps. However, luminous intensity (candela) and beam angle matter more than raw lumens – a tightly focused 20,000-lumen fixture can outperform a 40,000-lumen wide-flood at distance. Consult photometric data and use lighting calculation software for precise planning.

Can I use household LED bulbs in professional stage fixtures?

No, household LED bulbs are unsuitable for professional stage lighting. Consumer LEDs typically have inadequate colour rendering (CRI 70–80 vs. professional CRI 90–95+), causing unnatural skin tones and poor colour accuracy. They lack the thermal management required for enclosed fixtures – professional LED modules include active cooling and are rated for ambient temperatures up to 50°C, while household bulbs overheat and fail rapidly in stage fixtures. Consumer LEDs also use low-frequency PWM dimming (200–400Hz) that creates visible flicker on camera, whereas professional fixtures use >1200Hz for flicker-free broadcast operation. Additionally, household bulbs do not provide the luminous intensity, beam control or DMX compatibility required for professional applications. Always use light sources specifically designed and rated for stage lighting use.

What does a professional stage lamp cost?

Professional stage lamp prices reflect technology and application requirements. LED modules for wash fixtures and PAR cans range from €40 for basic 12W RGBW units to €200 for high-CRI 200W+ COB modules with advanced thermal management. Halogen lamps cost €8–€15 for standard 300W–650W GY9.5 types (EGJ, EGG, FKJ profiles) and €35–€45 for 1200W models or specialised long-life variants. Discharge lamps start at €60–€80 for 250W MSR/MSD types used in compact moving heads, rising to €120–€180 for 575W models and €180–€250 for 1200W long-life lamps for followspots and large-format fixtures. Genuine lamps from manufacturers like Osram, Philips and GE cost more than generic alternatives but deliver consistent performance, longer life and compliance with safety standards – false economy from cheap lamps leads to premature failure and potential fixture damage.

How do I safely replace a discharge lamp in a moving head?

Safe discharge lamp replacement requires careful procedure: 1) Disconnect mains power and allow the fixture to cool for at least 30 minutes – discharge lamps operate at 900°C+ and remain dangerously hot long after switch-off. 2) Wear clean cotton gloves to prevent skin oils contaminating the quartz envelope, which causes hot spots and premature failure. 3) Verify the replacement lamp matches exactly: wattage, base type (PGJ5, PGJX5, etc.), arc gap and colour temperature as specified in the fixture manual. 4) Note orientation markings on the lamp base – most discharge lamps must operate in a specific position (base-up, base-down or horizontal). 5) Seat the lamp fully in the socket, ensuring any retaining clips or shields are properly secured. 6) Inspect visually before powering on – check alignment, socket engagement and absence of foreign material. Never look directly at an operating discharge lamp without appropriate UV-filtering eyewear. Dispose of used lamps through certified mercury recycling facilities.

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Luminous flux (Lumen)

from 10 to 380000

Colour temperature (Kelvin)

from 100 to 9200

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from 6 to 415

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PHILIPS Actinic BL TL-E 22W/10 1CT/20 Insect Lamp 22W Actinic G10q Ring

PHILIPS Actinic BL TL-E 22W/10 1CT/20 Insektenlampe 22W Actinic G10q Ring Ring-shaped low-pressure mercury vapor fluorescent lamp Perfectly matches the eye sensitivity of houseflies and in this way...

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PHILIPS MASTER SON PIA Plus 70W E27 Sodium Vapor Lamp

PHILIPS MASTER SON PIA Plus 70W E27 Natriumdampflampe MASTER SON PIA Plus is a high-quality high-pressure sodium vapor lamp with PIA technology for reliable outdoor lighting. Greater reliability...

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PHILIPS MASTER SON PIA Plus 50W E27 Sodium Vapor Lamp

PHILIPS MASTER SON PIA Plus 50W E27 Natriumdampflampe MASTER SON PIA Plus is a high-quality high-pressure sodium vapor lamp with PIA technology for reliable outdoor lighting. Greater reliability...

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PHILIPS MAS VLE LEDBulb DT5.9-60W E27 927ST64CLG 806lm 2200-2700K clear FIL ST64 DimTone

PHILIPS MAS VLE LEDBulb DT5.9-60W E27 927ST64CLG 806lm 2200-2700K klar FIL ST64 DimTone MASTER Value, LED, ST64, Only with special dimmers, E27, 2200 K, 2700 K, 806 lm, CRI 90, 15000 hour(s),...

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PHILIPS MAS LED SON-T EM 4Klm 23W 740 E27 4000lm 4000K E27 dimmable 120-240 V

PHILIPS MAS LED SON-T EM 4Klm 23W 740 E27 4000lm 4000K E27 n.dim 120-240 V Philips Master LED SON-T for street lighting offer a simple and quickly amortized LED solution for replacing conventional...

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PHILIPS MAS LED SON-T EM 5.4Klm 34W 727 E27 5400lm 2700K E27 non-dimmable 120-240 V

PHILIPS MAS LED SON-T EM 5.4Klm 34W 727 E27 5400lm 2700K E27 n.dim 120-240 V Philips Master LED SON-T for street lighting offer a simple and quickly amortized LED solution for replacing...

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PHILIPS MAS VLE LEDLusterD3.4-40W E27 P45 927CLG FM E27 P45 3.4W 2700K 470lm D dim clear

PHILIPS MAS VLE LEDLusterD3.4-40W E27 P45 927CLG FM E27 P45 3,4W 2700K 470lm D dim klar MASTER Value, LED, P45, Only with special dimmers, E27, 2700 K, 470 lm, CRI 90, 15000 hour(s), 138.00 lm/W,...

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PHILIPS CorePro LEDlinear ND 7-60W R7S 78mm830 LED tube lamp R7s 7W 3000K 950lm D cl

PHILIPS CorePro LEDlinear ND 7-60W R7S 78mm830 LED-Röhrenlampe R7s 7W 3000K 950lm D kl CorePro, LED, R7S, No, R7s, 3000 K, 950 lm, CRI 80, 15,000 hour(s), Clear plastic, 135 lm/W, EEL D, PF...

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LEDVANCE LED MR16 DIM 3.4W 940 GU5.3 36°

LEDV LED Bulb LED MR16 35 36° Dimmable P 3.4W 940 GU5.3 Dimmable low-voltage MR16 LED reflector lamps with retrofit screw base. Product features: LED alternative to low-voltage halogen lamps....

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PHILIPS 6390 30W G5.3 10.8V 1CT/24 Halogen special 30W

PHILIPS 6390 30W G5.3 10.8V 1CT/24 Halogen spezial 30W Halogen lamps create a cozy, warm white light and maintain their light output throughout their entire service life. They are also easy to...

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PHILIPS TUV PL-S 5W/4P 1CT/5X10CC Compact fluorescent lamp 2G7

PHILIPS TUV PL-S 5W/4P 1CT/5X10CC Kompaktleuchtstofflampe 2G7 Compact, single-ended low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp Effective disinfection throughout the entire service life of the lamp...

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PHILIPS TUV PL-S 13W/2P 1CT/6X10BOX Compact fluorescent lamp GX23

PHILIPS TUV PL-S 13W/2P 1CT/6X10BOX Kompaktleuchtstofflampe GX23 Compact, single-ended low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp Effective disinfection throughout the entire service life of the...

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PHILIPS PL-L 18W/52/4P 1CT/25 Compact fluorescent lamp MedicalTherapyJaundice

PHILIPS PL-L 18W/52/4P 1CT/25 Komp.leuchtstoffl MedicalTherapyJaundice Since the light is emitted almost entirely in the range of 400 to 500 nm and reaches its peak at 450 nm, Philips PL-L/PL-S...

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PHILIPS Actinic BL TL-D 18W/10 Secura 1SL/25 Secura SLV25 TL-D, 10 Secura SLV25

PHILIPS Actinic BL TL-D 18W/10 Secura 1SL/25 Secura SLV25 TL-D, 10 Secura SLV25 low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp splinter guard • Additional safety and HACCP compliance • :...

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PHILIPS MSR 400 HR 1CT/4 Studio Lamp 400W MSR HR GZZ9.5 207V

PHILIPS MSR 400 HR 1CT/4 Studiolampe 400W MSR HR GZZ9.5 207V MSR HR is a high-performance metal halide discharge lamp with hot restart function for optimal light focusing. High luminous efficacy...

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PHILIPS MASTER MHN-LA 2000W/842 400V XWH X528/CABLE 20074700 Discharge lamp

PHILIPS MASTER MHN-LA 2000W/842 400V XWH X528/CABLE 20074700 Entladungslampe MASTER MHN-SA creates a pleasant atmosphere and high visual comfort when illuminating sports facilities with its long...

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PHILIPS MASTER MHN-LA 1000W/956 230V XWH 1040W, 230V. X528/CABLE

PHILIPS MASTER MHN-LA 1000W/956 230V XWH 1040W, 230V. X528/CABLE MASTER MHN-SA creates a pleasant atmosphere and high visual comfort when illuminating sports facilities with its long arc. Ideal for...

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PHILIPS MASTER MHN-LA 2000W/956 400V XWH 2040W, 400V, X528/CABLE

PHILIPS MASTER MHN-LA 2000W/956 400V XWH 2040W, 400V, X528/CABLE MASTER MHN-SA creates a pleasant atmosphere and high visual comfort when illuminating sports facilities with its long arc. Ideal for...

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PHILIPS MASTER MHN-LA 1000W/842 230V XWH 1040W, 230V, X528/CABLE

PHILIPS MASTER MHN-LA 1000W/842 230V XWH 1040W, 230V, X528/CABLE MASTER MHN-SA creates a pleasant atmosphere and high visual comfort when illuminating sports facilities with its long arc. Ideal for...

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PHILIPS MASTER MHN-SA 1800W/956 (P)SFC 230V 1800W, 230V, (P)SFC

PHILIPS MASTER MHN-SA 1800W/956 (P)SFC 230V 1800W, 230V, (P)SFC With its very short arc, MASTER MHN-SA creates a pleasant atmosphere and high visual comfort when lighting sports facilities. Ideal...

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PHILIPS MASTER MHN-SA 1800W/956 (P)SFC 400V 1850W, 400V, (P)SFC

PHILIPS MASTER MHN-SA 1800W/956 (P)SFC 400V 1850W, 400V, (P)SFC With its very short arc, MASTER MHN-SA creates a pleasant atmosphere and high visual comfort when lighting sports facilities. Ideal...

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PHILIPS MASTER MHN-SA 1800W/956 230V XW UNP/1 MHN-SA, 1800W, 956, P15

PHILIPS MASTER MHN-SA 1800W/956 230V XW UNP/1 MHN-SA, 1800W, 956, P15 With its very short arc, MASTER MHN-SA creates a pleasant atmosphere and high visual comfort when lighting sports facilities....

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PHILIPS MST SON APIA Plus Xtra 50W E27 1SL/24 E27 1SL/24 E27, 1SL/24

PHILIPS MST SON APIA Plus Xtra 50W E27 1SL/24 E27 1SL/24 E27, 1SL/24 Reliable solution with fewer early failures than conventional high-pressure sodium lamps thanks to APIA (Active Philips...

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PHILIPS MSR 700 SA 1CT/4 Studio Lamp 700W Short Arc GY9.5 207V

PHILIPS MSR 700 SA 1CT/4 Studiolampe 700W Short Arc GY9,5 207V High-performance metal halide discharge lamp High luminous efficacy • Very compact arc • Good color reproduction • :...

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Professional Light Sources for Stage and Event Technology: Welcome to the professional light source range at LTT – your specialist for event technology. Whether you are equipping a touring production, upgrading your club installation or maintaining a theatre lighting rig, you will find the right bulbs and lamps for every professional application here. From high-output discharge lamps for moving heads to precision halogen bulbs for profile... Read more »

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